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BACKGROUND: Pain is as a major concern with dental patients. The dentist-patient interaction can reveal the presence of anxiety and fear, which may result in rise of pain. This study aimed to assess vocabulary communication as support to dental anesthesia on the adult dental patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized clinical study, conducted from February 2020 through March 2021. Two hundred individuals (112 males, 88 females) of the age range (16 to 84 years) were separated into two groups for testing the level of pain during dental local anesthesia, with vocal communication and without vocal communication. RESULTS: While the control group showed no difference between males and females, there was a difference between the sexes in the experimental group with past dental visits, VAS and injection type having less anxiety (p=0.0001) while with education/VAS having (p£0.01) as appear in sex to age (p£0.05). There was no difference when data were compared by age, or type of anesthesia (inferior alveolar nerve block or infiltration technique). CONCLUSION: Dental anxiety can be alleviated by talking to the patients before the procedure, which could reduce the amount of pain. © 2023 University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. All rights reserved.
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Background: The spread of COVID-19 is considered as a challenge all over the world since it was declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. In addition to protective measures, early diagnosis, and medical managements, there is urgent need for safe, effective prophylactic vaccine to control the pandemic, several vaccines have been developed and approved for emergency immunization in many countries for examples Pfizer BioNTech and Moderna vaccines. Objective: Is to explore the beliefs, barriers, and motivators associated with COVID-19 vaccination among students in Iraqi University, and to assess the association between the sociodemographic factors and the acceptance of vaccination among students. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2021. The questionnaire distributed for 441 students in four colleges in a private University in Iraq. Th questionnaire form consisted of 15 questions that classified into four sections (section 1 concerns sociodemographic data, section 2 deals with respondent’s beliefs, section 3 consists of the barriers to take the vaccine, and section 4 include the respondent’s motivators to accept the vaccination.). Results: (60.3%) believe that the COVID-19 vaccination is important, the most reported barriers of COVID-19 vaccination were its safety and adverse effects (64.2%) and (48.3%) had concerns for the acquisition of COVID-19 from the vaccine itself. Participant’s concern regarding their family infection with COVID-19 correlate significantly with vaccination acceptance with p<0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that the majority of students perceived the importance of the COVID-19 vaccine, but about half of them had vaccination hesitancy. Most of the students had concerns regarding the vaccine’s adverse effects and effectiveness. Having family members being infected was one of the motivators to accept vaccination. Most of students did not know the differences between the vaccines available, the students who had information about the vaccines preferred Pfizer BioNTech vaccine. © 2022, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.
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Products that intended to supplement the diet and contain one or more of the following ingredients (mineral, vitamin, herb, or amino acid) is defined as dietary supplements. Most people all over the world have micronutrition deficiency. Vitamin supplements used not only by patients but also by healthy population in all ages and in different regions of the world. Aim of study: This study is conducted to explore the prevalence of vitamin supplements use among students in Al-Bayan university. Also, to identify the reasons to use the supplements, the specific type used, the source of participant’s information about the supplements, and their beliefs. Method: Descriptive cross- sectional study was carried out on (353) medical students in Al-Bayan University during September 2021.Students were asked to participate in this study by using electrical questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of vitamin supplements use among students was (76.5%), multivitamins are the more frequently used (44.8%) followed by vitamin C (22.8%). The main reason for consuming supplements was to enhance their immunity (28.2%) and to maintain good health (23.1%) and majority of them (66.2%) used the supplements according to doctor’s and pharmacist’s advice. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of vitamin supplement use among medical students, there was a relation between gender and vitamin consumption. The most frequent used vitamins were multivitamins. Vitamin supplements are consumed to boost immunity especially during COVID-19 pandemic and to maintain good health. © 2022, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.
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Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common mental disorder affecting millions of people. Its onset and peak are during late teens making university students a priority target. Medical student perhaps is at greater risk for developing OCD while corona COVID-19 is expected to more exaggerate symptoms mainly with extra hygiene and cleanliness practices. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of OCD symptoms among Iraqi medical students, and to assess the associated psychological symptoms and its correlates. An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted among Iraqi medical students during the period from August to October 2020. An online anonymous, voluntary, and self-administered questionnaire based on the 18 questions Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised scale (OCI-R) was used to collect the data. Results: A total of 1644 students had filled the questionnaire. Females were 1116 (67.9%), while 1153 (70.1%) had reported accompanying mental symptoms. Of which worry and stress were the most prevalent with 674 (25.9%) and 617 (23.7%) respectively. However, 707 (43%) have probable OCD symptoms that need further assessment. Unpleasant thoughts were the most prevalent symptoms with 51.8%. Surprisingly, the washing and contamination scales were low at 14% and 19.4% while repeating certain numbers was the least with 8%. OCD symptoms were significantly related to younger age and earlier years of study. Further, all accompanied mental symptoms were significantly associated with probable OCD status. Conclusion: High prevalence of OCD among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. No association of OCD with gender and family history. Younger students and early years of study were more likely to suffer from OCD symptoms. © 2021, The Author(s).
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The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global health crisis that has had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. COVID-19 also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It was pronounced as a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization on 12th March 2020, In Malaysia, a lockdown was announced on 16th March to control the spread of COVID-19. As many universities declared a suspension of classroom teaching and switched to e-learning during this lockdown, the lives of students have changed. Being under a lot of pressure to perform academically, students are prone to develop mental health problems. Therefore, the research was conducted to study the impact of lockdown on mental health among students in a private university at Selangor and their relations to the sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted among 619 private university students at Selangor using a self-administered online questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic questions for section A, depression, anxiety, and stress level questions for section B. A validated scoring system by DASS 21 was used.A total of 619 students completed the survey questionnaire. About 65%, 67.21%, and 59.29% of the students reported having depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms respectively. There was a significant association between the stress and the age, gender, family income, and the quality of internet connectivity used by students with a p-value of less than 0.05. Besides, the level of anxiety of the students showed significant association with their family income, residential region, and quality of internet connection while depression was related significantly only with the quality of internet connection. The findings of this study showed that most of the students' mental health was greatly impacted by the lockdown due to COVID-19. The higher impact of lockdown was obvious to those students with less family income, those who were living in a rural area, and those who used poor internet connection for their online classes..
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BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 has become a global pandemic with an increasing burden on healthcare. Early recognition of the trend and pattern of the chain of transmission is necessary to slow down the spread. AIM: Therefore, the study aimed to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 at a local setting. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done to all COVID-19 cases registered in Seremban Health District. Statistical analysis, using Chi-square test, was employed to compare the sociodemographic characteristic of COVID-19 patients between the red zone area and the non-red zone area in Seremban. RESULTS: As of April, a total of 214 number of COVID-19 cases reported in Seremban district alone. The trend of cases registered has changed as more asymptomatic infection outnumbered patients with clinical symptoms from the aggressive active case detection (ACD) activity. Majority of the cases affecting Malay ethnicity were due to a large religious gathering event held 1 month earlier than subsequently spread the infection within the community. CONCLUSION: The first wave of COVID-19 cases in Seremban was sudden and unexpected, with a skewed distribution affecting a particular race group regardless red zone area and non-red zone area. Therefore, identifying the pattern of infection in the local community is important for a focused intervention strategy. ACD strategy, isolation of patients, quarantine the exposed, tracking down the close contact, and continuous health promotion and education will ultimately break the chain of transmission.
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A novel strain of coronavirus was first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It is the causative agent of a respiratory disease known as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). On 12th March 2020, it was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The aim of the study was to study the impact of MCO in terms of the academic performance and finance on the student population and to measure the level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards prevention of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) among a private university students in Malaysia. On 22nd April until 30th April 2020, a cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted among 401 students using a self-administered online questionnaire survey. It was found that 272 (67.8%) of the respondents had a less negative impact of MCO while 129 (32.3%) of the respondent had a more negative impact of MCO. The findings show also 229 respondents (57.1%) have adequate knowledge. As for the attitude, about 237 respondents (59.1%) have an adequate attitude and only 191 respondents (47.6%) have adequate practice towards the prevention of COVID-19. There was a significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice with family income, a significant relationship between knowledge and practice, a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude, a sig. relationship between knowledge, attitude, practice with university faculties, the relationship between knowledge and source of information. The MCO showed significant association with knowledge level and with practice, also MCO was less negatively impact on the medical faculty students with p-value 0.004. The MCO was more negatively impacting those with less family income. The study findings concluded that the majority of the participants had a fair level of knowledge, attitude, and a lesser level of good practice towards the prevention of COVID-19. However. © 2020. All rights reserved.
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INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the world health organization declared Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 a pandemic global communicable disease, there is neither a vaccine nor a treatment for this virus. The aim of the current study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of Iraqi population toward COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 respondents from different states of Iraq using online administered questionnaires. The questions were adopted from the previous study and consist of three parts mainly socio-demographic, KAP. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents had good knowledge regarding COVID-19 (95.2%). A total of 97.8% of the respondents knew that COVID-19 caused by a virus. Regarding incubation period, 75% of them answer correctly that it is 2–15 days. Higher percept (39%) and 37.9% of participant people considered the disease as a very dangerous and seriously dangerous disease, respectively. The majority (85.3%) of the sample thought that no vaccination available for the disease. More than two-thirds of the sample (76.5%) were wearing face mask sometimes while only 19.5% wearing it all the time. The majority (265) out of 272 was ready to stay home if it required to prevent the spread of the disease. There was a significant association between gender, living state, and COVID-19 knowledge (p = 0.009, <0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION: The overall knowledge, practice of respondents was good regarding COVID-19. People need to stay at home to prevent the infection and reduce the number of cases.